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??? What are these question marks doing here? These represent tools which we know by a Dutch or French name, but who's English name is yet unknown. Suggestions are always welcome!

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Pruning shears
The pruning shears are used to prune shrubs and vines, to pick flowers, etc. Nowadays they usually replace the pruning knife. It is often used by the basket maker in place of the curved knife to cut the twigs. The hand tool consists of two levers of the first type, which revolve around a spindle placed about one third of their length. The arms of about 15 cm are straight or slightly bent outwards. To keep the tool in place when not in use, a metal hook or leather ring is attached to the end of an arm; on recent models these have sometimes been replaced by a right next to the hub. During work, the scissors pop open thanks to a spring. The two curved blades of about 5 cm lie in the same plane as the arms (cf. thorn-hedge shears). One of these is usually thick and blunt today; the gardener must always ensure that the cutting blade is on the side of the trunk to obtain a smooth cut. On some recent models, a notch in one of the blades allows thin iron wire to be cut. There are also pruning...
Pulverizer
Iron, copper or plastic syringer with reservoir (0.250 - 0.5 l), which works by negative pressure: the air jet created by the pump sucks up the liquid and spreads it in very fine droplets. The sprayer is used to moisten the leaves of plants and to apply a pesticide against parasites, fungi, weeds or flies. See also the syringer for flowers. [MOT]
Pumice stone
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/pumice-stone?lang=nl>
Pump auger
Information about these tools and the experiment in 2019 to hollow an oak and compose a wooden water pump can be read on these pages. [MOT]
Pump drill
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/pump-drill?lang=nl>
Punch
Holes of different sizes can be made in leather with the aid of a punch, i.e. a metal tube with sharp edges. The diameter varies from a few millimeters to a few centimeters. A piece of leather is placed on a wooden, lead or copper support in order not to damage the edge. The punch is then placed where the hole is desired and hit with a hammer. So one needs his two hands; this can be avoided for small holes with the punching tongs. See also the cork borer. [MOT]
Punch
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/punch-2?lang=nl>
Punching block
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/punching-block?lang=nl>
Punching tongs
See also the punch, buttonhole pliers and certain tongs of the sheet metal worker.
Putty knife
The putty knife is used to apply putty to glass rebates. There are different forms that are said to be regional. The blade can be pointed or blunt, stiff or springy, straight or curved. The house painter uses the putty knife, after priming the woodwork, to plug nail and screw holes with putty. A rather rare model has small slots in the blade (1), just like a glass cutter, to break off small pieces of glass. See also this coopers knife and the oyster knife. [MOT] (1) See JACKSON & DAY: 170 and SALAMAN 1976: 251.
Putty scraper
After painting glass rebates, there is always some paint on the glass. With the putty scraper, equipped with a safety or cutter blade, you can easily scrape the paint off the window. The blade of the putty scraper is kept almost parallel to the glass pane. Some models are used in the maintenance of a ceramic hob. The blade between which the blade is screwed is made of steel or plastic. The handle can be made of iron, wood or plastic. On some models, the interchangeable blades are safely stored in the handle. Because the cut is so sharp, the glass scraper is usually provided with a metal protective cap or you can slide the top part of the handle so that it sits over the blade. The knife of some models can be attached in different positions (perpendicular, straight and oblique) in relation to the handle. This way they can be used for other purposes. Eg. sharpening a pencil, as a knife, to remove ice, labels, chewing gum, etc. from hard surfaces such as glass, tile or cement. See also the cooper's...
Queen bee clip
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/queen-bee-clip?lang=nl>
Quoin key
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/quoin-key?lang=nl>
Rabbet plane
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rabbet-plane?lang=nl>
Racer
The racer serves to cut grooves on the inside of the leather to facilitate folding. It is also used to draw stitching seams. The tool is always being pulled towards you. The racer consists of a thick (about 3.5 mm) iron, usually hook-shaped, blade (about 5.5 by 10 cm) of which the sloping side is bent to form a cutting U-shaped point. The working part sticks by means of a tang in a wooden handle (approx. 13 cm) that is reinforced with a ferrule. Another model consists of a flat iron bar with one or both ends bent into a scribe (1). The racer may also consist of a steel tweezer-shaped tool with hooked or non-hooked ends (2). One end is bent and cuts. The other end serves as a guide. With this model, a groove is cut parallel to the edge of the piece of leather. A screw adjusts the width (max. Approx. 2.5 cm) of the edge. To cut arcuate grooves in the grain side of a piece of leather, a compass race is used. Can be distinguished from the beam scribe. [MOT] (1) Eg. SALAMAN: 230. (2) Eg. SALAMAN:...
Radish decorator
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/radish-decorator?lang=nl>
Rag wringer
The rag wringer is a device or hand tool with which you can easily wring out a mop. One model is a perforated metal container (approx. 20 cm wide; approx. 35 cm high) with a handle that can be hung over the edge of a bucket. The wet mop is put in and the lever is pushed down; two sturdy plastic parts now move down and squeeze the water out of the mop. A hanging model with wooden rollers is hooked around a bucket. By pressing the handle down, a roller on wheels moves towards a fixed roller to squeeze the water out of the mop. A model of similar construction is built into a bucket and is foot operated with a pedal. [MOT]
Rasp for wood
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rasp-for-wood?lang=nl>
Rasp, two handed
Very long rasp (approx. 120 cm; width up to 5 cm) with both ends ending or sticking in a handle. The tool is handled by two men when grating heavy red-hot iron. For example, when the axles of stretched vehicles are delivered in two pieces and the blacksmith has to weld them together at the correct length for the wheelwright. [MOT]
Rattail file
The rattail (1) is a cone-shaped or cylindrical file or rasp. The first is to sharpen some saws with large teeth, eg a pit saw, the second is to clean small holes or arcs.This hand tool can be distinguished from the drill saw. [MOT] (1) Also ramasse (e.g. N.L.I.) to indicate the long cylindrical rasp that widened the cavity for the ramrod of the rifle
Rawhide hammer
Hammer (approx. 600-1000 gr) of which the cylindrical head (approx. 7-8 cm diameter) is made of leather, with a metal intermediate piece. It is often possible to screw caps of different materials (rubber, nylon) onto the intermediate piece. The handle is made of wood, plastic or metal. Another lighter model has a cylindrical head that is completely wrapped in leather. The leather hammer is used for machining material whose surface must not be damaged. See also nylon face hammer and rubber face hammer. [MOT]
Razor knife
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/razor-knife?lang=nl>
Razor strop
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/razor-strop?lang=nl>
Reamer
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/reamer?lang=nl>
Reaping hook
The reaping hook is used in combination with a flemish scythe. It serves to keep the stalks together during the work and to gather the chopped grain into a sheaf. The reaping hook has a curved or straight pointed iron hook (approx. 15-30 cm) that is attached at right angles to a straight wooden handle (approx. 80-100 cm). A slot is usually provided about 10 cm from the end of the handle to insert the blade of the flemish scythe through so that it can be carried over the shoulder. [MOT]
Rebate plane
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rebate-plane?lang=nl>
Record brush
The record brush is a hand tool to clean vinyl music records by wiping dust and fingerprints without damaging the record. One model consists of a rectangular and rounded oak block with a soft felt brush surface, usually black. It somewhat resembles a whiteboard eraser. A slot is provided on one side to store the accompanying cleaning fluid. Other models include bleach goat hair or velvet. There is a wide variety of vinyl brushes in carbon and plastics. Most of them are anti-static to rid the plate of its static charge. [MOT]
Recorder brush
Long (approx. 20 cm), narrow brush with short (approx. 2 cm) woolen threads twisted between an iron wire. The recorder brush is used to dry the condensation in the inside of the flute (hole) after playing. The core gap can simply be blown dry. [MOT]
Reflex hammer
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/reflex-hammer?lang=nl>
Rescue knife
The rescue knife is an S-shaped or hooked (1) blade with an inside edge and a knotted point, which is used by firefighters, emergency services, rescue teams at car races, on rescue fleets, etc. to open or remove clothes, belts or ropes. by cutting. The cut is on the inside and the tip is knotted so as not to injure the victim. Often the knife sticks in a sheath that can be attached to the belt. See also the window-smasher, the seat belt cutter and the twine knife. [MOT] (1) SCHAERER: 626.
Riffler rasp / Riffler file
Riffler rasps and riffler files come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes (approx. 12 to 50 cm) and coarse. Usually both ends of the tool have a curved active part, but there are also models with a handle. The curved shape makes it possible to finish complex profiles and hard to reach corners and curves in wood, stone, plaster and metal. [MOT]
Ring dog
The ring dog is a heavy (1.5-4.5 kg) (1) pointed hook with one or two loose ring (s) (diameter approx. 11-15 cm; entire length 30-50 cm) to tilt trunks, to loosen a tree that has fallen on top of the other and sometimes to pull small stumps out of the ground (2). A wooden stake (1.50-2 m) is inserted into the ring with one end on the trunk. When it is pushed upwards, the point of the hook first protrudes into the wood, then the trunk tilts. When the latter could roll back, two men work together: the first holds back the piece while the other grabs it again. There are also adjustable models. The ring dog is mainly used in the forest. The cant hook is used at the workplace. See also the sappie. [MOT] (1) HILF: 407. (2) GAYER & FABRICIUS: 168; BOUCKAERT & POSKIN: 29.
Ring eye pliers
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ring-eye-pliers?lang=nl>
Ring rounding tool
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ring-rounding-tool?lang=nl>
Ring spanner
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ring-spanner?lang=nl>
Ring spanner for oil drain plugs
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ring-spanner-for-oil-drain-plugs?lang=nl>
Rip saw
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rip-saw?lang=nl>
Ripping chisel
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ripping-chisel?lang=nl>
Ripple
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/ripple?lang=nl>
Rivet set
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rivet-set?lang=nl>
Roasting spit
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/roasting-spit?lang=nl>
Roller docker
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/roller-docker?lang=nl>
Roller-mincer
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/roller-mincer?lang=nl>
Roofer's adze
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/roofers-adze?lang=nl>
Roofer's hammer
Hammer (400-800 gr) used by the slater when covering or repairing a slate roof. It is a composite tool that has a pointed end on one side - which punch holes for the nails in the slates - and on the other side a hammer end that drives the slate nails into the wood. In the middle, between the two ends, there may be a pear-shaped cutout with which nails can be pulled out. Another possibility is that there is a protrusion with a V-shaped cutout at the top. Between the working part and the hammer handle there is - on one or both sides - a sharp side with which the slates are cut to size. This is done with the help of a slater's stake. [MOT]
Root extractor
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/root-extractor?lang=nl>
Rose knife
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rose-knife?lang=nl>
Rosette iron
Rotary grater
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rotary-grater?lang=nl>
Rotary herb chopper
This text can only be consulted in Dutch <https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/rotary-herb-chopper?lang=nl>